EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DEATHS FROM PREMATURE PLACENTA ABRUPTCY IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2000 AND 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of deaths caused by placental abruption (PA) in Brazil between 2000 and 2023. PA is a severe obstetric complication characterized by the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery, potentially resulting in severe hemorrhages, impaired fetal circulation, and consequently, high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality rates. Globally, this condition accounts for up to 15% of perinatal deaths. Despite advances in prenatal care and obstetric assistance, maternal mortality related to PA remains a significant challenge for the Brazilian public health system. This is a descriptive epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM), accessed through TABNET/DATASUS, using ICD-10 code (O45). The variables analyzed included year of death, age group, race, education level, and place of occurrence. The results revealed variations in the number of deaths throughout the study period, with the highest peak recorded in 2001. It was observed that 36.75% of deaths occurred in the puerperium, up to 42 days postpartum, and the majority took place in hospitals. It is concluded that continuous monitoring of epidemiological data related to PA is essential to support public health strategies aimed at reducing maternal mortality associated with this obstetric complication.